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Passage 1:
Climate change, driven by human activities such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, is a pressing environmental issue with far-reaching consequences. One of the significant impacts of climate change is its effect on ecosystems worldwide.
Rising global temperatures disrupt the delicate balance of ecosystems, leading to shifts in species distributions and behaviors. Some species may struggle to adapt or migrate to more suitable habitats, resulting in population declines or even extinctions. For example, coral reefs, which support a vast array of marine life, are highly sensitive to temperature changes. When water temperatures rise, corals undergo bleaching, causing them to lose their symbiotic algae and turn white. Prolonged bleaching events can lead to coral death, impacting the biodiversity and health of marine ecosystems.
Furthermore, climate change influences the timing and patterns of natural events, such as flowering and migration. As temperatures warm, certain plants may flower earlier in the year, disrupting the timing of pollinator activities. This can have cascading effects on other organisms that rely on these plants for food or habitat. Similarly, changes in migration patterns of animals can affect predator-prey relationships and alter the structure of food webs.
The consequences of climate change on ecosystems also extend to human populations that rely on these systems for food, water, and other resources. Shifts in ecosystems can disrupt agriculture, reduce fisheries yields, and lead to water scarcity, exacerbating food and water security challenges.
Passage 2:
Addressing the challenges posed by climate change requires a concerted effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and transition to more sustainable practices. By implementing renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, we can reduce our reliance on fossil fuels and curb emissions. Additionally, preserving and restoring natural ecosystems play a crucial role in mitigating climate change.
Sustainable land management and reforestation efforts can sequester carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, offsetting emissions produced by human activities. Trees and plants capture carbon during photosynthesis, locking it away in their biomass and soil. Reforestation projects also contribute to biodiversity conservation and ecosystem restoration.
Moreover, sustainable agriculture practices can minimize the environmental impact of food production. Techniques such as agroforestry, crop rotation, and organic farming can improve soil health, enhance resilience to climate change, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Promoting public awareness and education about climate change is also essential. Engaging individuals and communities in sustainable practices and climate action can lead to meaningful change. Governments, businesses, and individuals must work together to transition to a low-carbon economy and adopt sustainable practices that safeguard ecosystems and support human well-being.
How does the author of Passage 2 build upon or challenge the ideas presented in Passage 1?
Question Hint:
Consider how the second passage in the pair builds upon or challenges the ideas presented in the first passage. Look for points of agreement, expansion, or disagreement between the two passages regarding climate change and its effects on ecosystems. This will guide you to the correct answer choice.